Program

SPEAKER: Charles A. Birnbaum, FASLA, FAAR, The Cultural Landscape Foundation

The year 2022 marks the bicentennial of Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr.’s birth. Although many still do not know that there is no “A” in his name, and that there were actually three Olmsted’s (news flash: he didn’t live from 1822-1957), generally speaking, his impact on the profession – and the public – from coast-to-coast – is still only superficially understood. Olmsted-designed landscapes are more than picturesque scenery and public grounds for society’s use and enjoyment.

This presentation, drawing on more than 35 years of practice – incorporating big ideas and anecdotes – aims to lift the veil on those in Olmsted’s practice and his successor firms from 1857-1979 (beyond those named Olmsted). Additionally, the presentation will address how the Olmsted practice served as the definer and proselytizer of the professional discipline that Sr. named, how the firm came to define what a corporate practice should look like and how it should function (including support for the “grand tour,” the idea of preparing multiple alternatives to sell your ideas, leveraging one’s position as both a practitioner and an academic to cultivate and import the best and brightest students, the need to nurture and cultivate patrons, the critical nature of well-organized archives and dedicated staff for collections management), and how landscape architects need to seize the opportunity to lead and orchestrate from the planning of cities and campuses to getting involved early and siting the building architecture.

Olmsted introduced new typologies (parkway, park system), he recognized that landscape was Infrastructure and that a thorough understanding of soils and water (from watersheds and hydrology to soil remediation) was essential. He understood landscapes and cities to be dynamic, possessing intertwined systems that could be guided and shaped, and the idea of managing change.

Finally, the presentation will conclude with reflections of how we can steward Olmsted’s ideas and built works today – from a deeper and broader cultural context (e.g. race, gender) to supporting and collaborating with individuals and organizations who are working in their communities to engage with Olmsted and his legacy.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Identify traces of Frederick Law Olmsted’s impact on contemporary landscape architecture.
• Understand what Frederick Law Olmsted’s idea’s, his built legacy and what his continuum of practice means to our approach to professional practice, project management, design and stewardship today.
• Lift the veil on Olmsted, his sons, and his studio spanning a century of practice, making visible many of those whose contributions are usually not recognized.

SPEAKER: Dr. Noel Kingsbury, Writer/Lecturer, Garden Masterclass

This session includes a 15-minute break

This is a crucial question for the profession, but rarely addressed. In reaction to the very static planting design of the past we now seek more visually diverse and ecologically-based plant combinations. These are however dynamic and change over time. Many of the planting designs we use, or which are regarded as desirable, seek to recreate relatively early stages in ecological succession and are therefore inherently unstable, with many key components having limited lifespans. I look at the gradient of perennial and woody plant longevity, in the context of succession and how practitioners can develop a greater awareness of the lifespan of the plants they use, and how this will impact on the plantings they design.

Lifespan is often related to the reproduction strategies of plants, so an improved awareness of this can help plan for the future; we look at a range of these, and how predictions can be made about them. The question must always be asked: what will my design look like in five, or ten, years time?

Change can be embraced through the use of self-regenerating plants, but fundamentally design needs to also suggest management strategies for the development of the planting in the future, rather than just keeping it static. A closer relationship between designers and landscape managers is strongly suggested.

Speakers: Vincent Javet and Christopher Ingui, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

By the mid 1950’s extraction operations at the Glen-Gery clay quarry in Winslow, NJ had ceased, leaving behind 50-acres of compacted pits incapable of hosting vegetation and habitat. Over the next 40-years the abandoned site became an illegal dumping ground, playing host to gangs, violent crime, and drug related activity. In 1993, a project team was assembled by new owner Hank McNeil, which included landscape architect Martha Schwartz, contractor Richard Pierson and ecologist David Smart. The team would embark on a strategic and often thrifty project of conservation, remediation and agricultural practice that remains in operation today.

Using Winslow Farms Conservancy as a case-study, this session will discuss design opportunities and land management practices adopted in this unique landscape to serve as a potential model for transforming roughly 240,000 acres of remaining quarries in New Jersey alone.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Explore ways in which research can inform an authentic design response.
• Observe design approaches in support of cultural programming.
• Learn how design can amplify our connection to ecology and culture.

SPEAKER: Emmanuelle Roux, Architect – Urban Planner

In this session Emmanuelle Roux, a Parisian Architect and Urban Planner, will provide the European perspective to urban greening strategies. The City of Paris set goals to reinforce vegetation, improve water management and reduce urban heat island effect throughout the city. APUr performed an analysis of Parisian public spaces and creating criteria for urban greening projects, which ultimately lead to a masterplan to transform the Champs-Élysées into a pedestrian-centered public and cultural space. Learn how technical, historical and ecological criteria factored in to the development of Paris’ ambitious greening strategy.

 

SPEAKER: Richard Buckley, Department of Pathology and Plant Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Thirty years as a plant diagnostician has taught me that certain plants have lots of problems. I love them because they have lots of problems, but I also hate them because they have lots of problems! This 60-minute lecture will cover several common “problem children” and the diseases that make a mess of them. Each disease will be profiled to include pathogen biology and life cycle, the conditions necessary for disease outbreaks, and integrated control strategies that include useful cultural, biological, and chemical management techniques. Special emphasis will be on symptom recognition and problem diagnosis from the field. Come see if your favorite plant makes the list!

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Identify commonly used, disease-prone plant species and cultivars
• Diagnose at least three (3) common tree and shrub diseases
• Understand science-based plant health management techniques for disease control in the landscape

SPEAKER: Lanie McKinnon, PLA, Nelson Byrd Woltz

Landscape Architecture has the power to build and support cultural spaces and organizations. In this presentation, Lanie McKinnon will use examples from the portfolio of Nelson Byrd Woltz Landscape Architects to reflect on how the design of landscapes can manifest missions and build membership. Projects presented will include the Rothko Chapel landscape in Houston Texas and the Hudson Valley Shakespeare Festival in New York.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Explore ways in which research can inform an authentic design response.
• Observe design approaches in support of cultural programming.
• Learn how design can amplify our connection to ecology and culture.

SPEAKER: Patricia M. Salmon, Historian, Friends of Olmsted-Beil House

Frederick Law Olmsted pioneered many of the techniques he later incorporated in Central Park and other acclaimed projects at the Olmsted-Beil House historic site. Experimental plantings by Olmsted have survived to this day on the remaining 1.7-acre property. The house and property are now governed by the Department of Parks and Recreation of the City of New York. Located on the south shore of Staten Island, the house where Olmsted lived dates to 1685. This presentation will explore the evolution of the land, from a 130-acre farm owned by a Dominie of the Dutch Reformed Church to the residence of Olmsted. Exploration of the more recent history will be explored, starting in 2006, when members of the Beil family signed their house over to the NYC Parks Department. Agriculturalists, entrepreneurs, authors, naturalists, immigrants, and other have lived at the location, and they made an impact on it and the world beyond. Enslaved individuals labored on the estate before 1827. The activities of all these individuals will be featured noting the correlation between the development of the property and the history of Staten Island and the United States. This presentation will focus on the years when Frederick Law Olmsted, the accepted “father of Landscape Architecture”, was transformed from a simple Staten Island wheat farmer to the most important landscape architect in history.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Discern the changes that occurred as Frederick Law Olmsted transformed from a wheat farmer to the most important landscape architect in history.
• Discover the history and unique individuals who lived at what is now the Olmsted-Beil House and Park. They will understand who the occupant/owners were, their impact and interactions with society, and how their actions coincided with historical occurrences.
• Understand the importance of history and historic preservation.

SPEAKER: Bill Corrigan, Gingko Sustainability Inc.

Vegetated (green) roofs offer multiple benefits to urban areas. They help manage stormwater, reduce energy demand, mitigate urban heat islands, improve air quality, and enhance biodiversity. In 2020, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) amended its stormwater management rule to require green infrastructure to reduce negative impacts of wet weather/stormwater volume. Green infrastructure, such as vegetated roofs, can help mitigate these problems because they restore the hydrologic cycle in urbanized areas.

This presentation will examine the various green roof types, individual components, and learn about their functions. Information will be provided about appropriate green roof systems for specific design intents, such as stormwater management. Design and construction considerations shall be identified that are vital to successful green roof applications. The discussion will include long-term care requirements to help ensure high performance.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Identify green roof types and their major components
• Understand NJDEP’s new green infrastructure stormwater rule and how to design a green roof system to fulfill this specific function
• Identify crucial design and construction elements to ensure a successful application

SPEAKER: Faye Harwell, FASLA, Director/Co-Founder, Rhodeside Harwell Landscape Architecture

The professional evolution of Frederick Law Olmsted will be examined. Included will be the philosophical thoughts of other landscape professionals that can frame how Landscape Architects may evolve the profession for the future.

Beginning as a teen, with a passion for just about everything, to a young man enchanted by the natural world, with insatiable wanderlust, FLO followed a meandering life trajectory. It led him from his modest sea-faring family and his farming heritage to travel the world. The result was becoming the renowned leader of a new profession – Landscape Architecture. Beyond the profession of his time, called Landscape Gardening, Olmsted’s keen intellect, sensitivity to human perception and daily life experience led him to envision a new way of creating places. These places for living and recreation affected how Americans would experience their lives for more than 160 years.

What inspired that curious boy and man, that tried multiple professions, to later become the Father of Landscape Architecture in America? For Olmsted, creating democratic landscapes was not just about curvilinear walks, planting trees and lawns. His focus was on creating places that helped provide a high quality of life which allowed all people freedom for respite from the stresses of daily life.

Olmsted had strong ideas to preserve the natural environment that he held so dear. Some examples include the preservation of wilderness mountains and forests of California and the crashing falls at the Niagara Reservation. His visions included the formal and highly choreographed landscape of the diplomatic heart of American democracy, the US Capitol Grounds, and countless public parks across America. These places are still cherished and function well today. Attendees will learn about what makes these places great, and how contemporary Landscape Architects feel about Olmsted, and the “hands-on business” of creating landscapes.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Attendees will learn how family history and a restless curious disposition led a young Frederick Law Olmsted to switch from career to career over his first 35 years before finding his passion for creating a new approach to American life.
• As a result of this session, participants will learn about some specific experiences of Frederick Law Olmsted, and other landscape architects, that cast light on how hands-on life experience leads to the creation of transformative landscapes
• Attendees will learn the key principles of Olmsted design and philosophy and how they may be applied to the creation of new landscapes that have meaning for the 21st Century.

Moderator: Nette Compton, RLA, ASLA, President & CEO, Mill River Park Collaborative

SPEAKERS: Roxanne Blackwell, Esq., Hon. ASLA, Director of Federal Government Relations, ASLA, Alex Schaefer, Sr. Legislative Representative, The Trust for Public Land, William Kastning, Executive Director, Monmouth Conservation Foundation

Landscape architects are experts at communicating the critical role that our work plays in fostering communities and building resilience. When we apply those skill set to work in advocacy, we can support real change in the scale and focus on public funding. Panelists who represent a range of local and federal policy makers and advocacy experts will cover past successes at the ballot box, on-going work at the Federal level, and what landscape architects can do promote increasing resources to fuel investment in our landscapes across the country.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Articulate how additional resources allocated in critical areas of landscapes can increase the community vitality and environmental resilience of places
• Understand how to play a role in advocating at the local, state, and Federal level
•  Access resources and public funds to implement work within their community and/or practice

SPEAKER: Hanaa Hamdi Ph.D., Director, Health Impact Investment Strategies at NJ Community Capital

Our health is influenced by the choices we make for ourselves and our families. And this ability to make healthy choices greatly depends on neighborhood conditions where we live, learn, work and play. Research shows communities with access to healthy foods, quality affordable housing, good schools, and safe places to play and congregate are healthier than those without. From growing scientific literature, we know that physical environments (e.g., air, water, natural and built) plus social/economic characteristics of our communities determine up to 75% of our health, versus access to healthcare and health behavior and literacy, which impact our health by 10% and 15%, respectively. Despite this recognition, our health and wellbeing are considerably assumed by healthcare.

Individual and community health, however, is a shared responsibility of all its members.

In this session, I will draw from novel interdisciplinary strategies in community health, trauma-informed engagement and advocacy, and community development, to illustrate the challenges, opportunities and ultimately the promise of people-centric community-driven neighborhood planning and design.

I will demonstrate the application and impact of these strategies by sharing examples of four community development projects (three in New Jersey and one in Copenhagen, Denmark). Each example will illustrate how centering and prioritizing people in every aspect of the project lead to profound shift towards shared power, community agency, and social cohesion, which lay the foundation for healthy and regenerative communities.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Gain insight onto how to use parks and green public spaces to create, cultivate cross-sector partnerships for health
• Recognize public health data used to inform and guide community-driven development projects
• Distinguish between forms of power in community-driven strategies.

SPEAKER: Charles King Sadler, ASLA, ISA, Principal, King Garden

Communication was an essential component of Olmsted’s success, but it did not always come easily. In this session, Charles King Sadler will examine Olmsted’s successes, challenges, and failures in communication. This reflection will be contrasted by Mr. Sadler’s contemporary communication experience in the Landscape Practices between stakeholders of all types: designer, clients, businesses, government, etc.

This session is intended for all practitioners, from those just starting to understand the benefits of effective communication strategies, to those who are actively engaging their target audience. During the session, Mr. Sadler will outline different communication methods from Olmsted’s time as well as today, and explore their strengths, weaknesses, limits, and when to use each of them.

Mr. Sadler will share his experience in the field and his knowledge of hand pruning techniques, his specialty, through social media, co-hosting “In the Landscape®” podcast, as well as producing video and presentation materials. As a teaching professional, Mr. Sadler will discuss the preparation of media and materials, including the limits of various media for training purposes.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Identify how Olmsted used communication effectively, and how to apply those techniques today
• Construct a communication strategy that conveys your specialization in landscape practices
• Assess the efficacy of your communication strategy

SPEAKER: Barbara Bell Coleman, President, BBC Associates and Faye Harwell, FASLA, Director/Co-Founder, Rhodeside Harwell Landscape Architecture

For over 150 years, America’s public parks have been a place of respite, recreation, and celebration. Brought to their highest level of design and democratic function by Frederick Law Olmsted and his firm through nearly a century of design and implementation, these parks are still treasured as vital community and national resources.

During the past two years, public open spaces have become even more important to broader society, and to communities and neighborhoods. Beyond their value as historic and cultural resources and important recreation opportunities, they have become an integral component of respite from devastating disease during the recent Pandemic.

This session will examine Branch Brook Park, Essex County, NJ as a case study to reveal how this once magnificent park was rescued as a future resource by a partnership between the public and private sector in a collaboration that has lasted for more than 20 years and continues currently.

The work at Branch Brook Park, conceived by Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr. (executed by his later firm), began with the initial preparation of a Cultural Landscape Report, and quickly evolved into selection of key implementation projects to cast a spotlight on the park both locally and nationally.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Attendees will learn that restoring public parks through Public/Private processes can improve aging infrastructure, enhance public safety, and improve ecological health of historic parks.
• Attendees will learn the function of key players in Public / Private Partnerships and how they aid funding. This includes how these partnerships benefit the public and government while creating community pride and social equity.
• Participants will better understand how Public /Private Partnerships can endure for many years beyond construction and foster long-term care of parks while providing stewardship of historic design for cherished places

SPEAKER: John Hasse, Ph.D., AICP, Director, Geospatial Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, Planning & Sustainability, Rowan University

NJ MAP is an interactive atlas for ecological resources, environmental education and sustainable communities. The Geospatial Research Lab at the Rowan University Department of Geography, Planning and Sustainability created this free online map viewer to connect NJ citizens, municipalities, advocacy groups and a wide variety of professionals with real time geospatial tools to support their planning and conservation efforts. Organized into a suite of publicly available geospatial tools, each NJ MAP project focuses on a specific New Jersey environmental, land use and sustainability issue. NJ MAP’s most popular tool, the NJ Conservation Blueprint, identifies the best remaining lands regarding ecology, water quality, agriculture and community green space. The Open Space Composite theme combines open space, farmland preservation and easement land data available from state-wide sources. This session will discuss how these mapping tools can be useful for landscape architects to better understand land resources.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Attendees will become familiar with the full suite of free, on-line tools offered by NJMAP and NJ Conservation Blueprint.
• Attendees will learn how to use NJMAP’s tools for assessing parcel-level data for natural resources and a variety of data that is useful for landscape architects.
• Attendees will learn of the coordinated effort through the Conservation Blueprint to bring together conservation and planning stakeholders to work towards a common vision for New Jersey’s future.

SPEAKER: Jan Johnsen, Landscape Designer, Author & Speaker

Planting design is gradually being recognized as an art that co-creates with Nature. Landscape professionals have always known that plants are incredibly multifaceted and eminently suitable as an artistic medium. They combine the process of photosynthesis with the task of pollination in a singular package of foliage and flowers. And as Roberto Burle Marx, the 20th century Brazilian landscape artist, reminded us: plants can be seen as a color, a shape, or a volume. If you have a little guidance, you can plant them in combination with other plants to transform any outdoor space into an evocative landscape.

So, how to mix various plants so that they form an eye-catching scene? That question can be boiled down to a simple, “What goes with what?” More specifically, what plants fit the soil and site and also look great with each other? If you know a few great plants and flowers you can combine them in ways that ‘spice up’ a landscape setting. It starts with a blend of choice selections.

This presentation shares ideas and addresses the considerations that go into combining plants including soils, maintenance, mature size and even deer resistance. Plant species and new varieties are noted. A Plant List will accompany the presentation.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Determine criteria for best planting combinations
• Know specific design guides for combining grasses, shrubs, perennials
• Know specific plants and varieties that are deer resistant and require minimum maintenance

SPEAKER: Sean Ryan LLA, ASLA, Historic American Landscapes (HALS)

The Union County Park System was one of the Olmsted’s last but most successful county park designs. It represents his ideal of what a county park system should be. Ecologically they built six (6) greenways along rivers and floodplains traversing the county. Sociologically, they built classic Olmsted Romantic and Democratic Parks. The Park Commission and the Olmsted firm worked together from 1921 through 1965. The Park Commission was unfortunately eliminated in 1978. Today the Park System is managed by NJ Union County Government. They only partially realize there is something important about Olmsted. However, the governing body largely does not follow Olmsted’s land use planning goals or respect and adhere to Secretary of the Interior’s Standards of Rehabilitation. An open question will be proposed of how to pull together the Olmsted goals with modern public sector county government.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Understand why the Union County Park System is important and significant historically and in modern context.
• Better understand the characteristics and design principals of Olmsted Parks and which inform and direct much of the current design processes of Landscape Architecture historically and currently.
• Understand the management goals and priorities that should be part of the continued care of a Historic County-Scall Olmsted Park System

SPEAKER: Philippe Chiambaretta and Founder, PCA-Stream

all its systemic complexity, following the model of the urban metabolism. Our vision proposes to draw on the symbolic power of the Champs-Élysées to bring onboard the best talents in the country, from the public and private sectors, but also citizens, to turn the avenue into an urban demonstrator of a sustainable, desirable and inclusive city. To do so, the hyperplace must be subdued and the hypervoid must be reinvigorated, acting on the five urban strata of our model: nature, infrastructure, mobilities, uses, and the built environment. Our focus is set on four main strategic priorities: reducing the impact of urban.

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Attendees will become familiar with the concept of urban metabolism an systemic vision of the city
• Attendees will be able to understand how data can be used to establish a precise diagnosis of urban pathologies, objectify and regulate the actions taken on a given territory
• Attendees will have insight on a method to reduce the impact of urban mobilities, rethink nature as an ecosystem, and invent new urban uses.

SPEAKER: Anne ‘Dede’ Neal Petri, President/CEO, National Association for Olmsted Parks

This presentation will introduce Olmsted 200, the bicentennial celebration in 2022 of the birth of Frederick Law Olmsted. It will briefly outline Olmsted’s life and work and then specifically focus on the Olmsted legacy in New Jersey—exploring work by Olmsted and the Olmsted successor firms: Cadwalader Park in Trenton and the Lawrenceville campus; county park commissions in Essex, Union and Passaic County, as well as the Shakespeare Garden in Plainfield. The presentation will examine restoration efforts and challenges. It will encourage landscape architects and others to participate in the HALS challenge to document NJ landscapes where the Olmsted firms had 236 varied commissions.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Understand the purpose of Olmsted 200 and opportunities to explore the Olmsted legacy around the country.
• Understand the Olmsted legacy – across the country and especially in New Jersey.
• Consider how to take Olmsted’s vision and apply it to landscape design and stewardship today.

SPEAKER: Paul Cureton, P.E., Oldcastle APG-North America

  This presentation reviews Standard ASCE 68-18 Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement, which is the design standard published by the American Society of Civil Engineers in late 2018. The topics include design parameters and limitations, site selection and optimization, structural design, and hydrologic design of permeable paver systems. Other topics include construction and maintenance of permeable paver systems including in-depth knowledge of specification writing to ensure that the design intent is clear. The session will also discuss how permeable pavers can be used to comply with NJDEP regulations as a Low Impact Development (LID) solution.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Participants will learn what parameters and inputs are required to design safe and reliable permeable paver systems.
• Participants will gain knowledge of structural analysis of permeable paver systems with focus on the design tables in ASCE 68-18.
• Participants will learn the water balance method for hydrologic design of permeable paver systems with an introduction to more complex hydrologic modeling to mitigate flooding and create needed green infrastructure for stormwater management.

Moderator: Matt Alcide, Affiliate ASLA, Land8: Landscape Architects Network

SPEAKERS: Ren Miller, Design NJ, Jennifer Reut, PhD., Landscape Architecture Magazine, Inga Saffron, The Philadelphia Inquirer

This session will present media, journalism, and advocacy as tools to promote, encourage, and advance the practice of landscape architecture. Similar to how Frederick Law Olmsted utilized journalism and writing to grow his influence and notoriety, landscape architects of today can leverage media to promote their work and discuss topics important to them. The panel will explore best practices in media relations and discuss latest trends for content that media outlets and audiences want to view. The panel will challenge landscape architects to raise their voice, promote their work, and become involved in issues that affect their work and the health and safety of their communities and planet. From the use of native plants to fighting for social justice and everywhere in between, the panel will demonstrate the need, importance, and best practices for landscape architects to use their design and their voices for change.

 The panel will be moderated by Matt Alcide, editor of Land8: Landscape Architects Network, a popular online resource and news site for landscape architects; Jennifer Reut, Acting Editor of Landscape Architecture Magazine, the monthly magazine for the American Society of Landscape Architects; Ren Miller, Editor in Chief of Design NJ, a New Jersey-focused magazine for stories and features of home and landscape design; and Inga Saffron, journalist and architecture critic for The Philadelphia Inquirer.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Acquire best practices for landscape architects to articulate and advocate for their design and their voices for recognition, promotion of the profession, and catalyzing change for the health and safety of our environment.
• Learn from industry experts and publishers to effectively communicate best practices or research to various media outlets to grow the reach and scope of their work
• Inspire the public about the importance and work of landscape architects and how design and landscape architecture can positively impact the environmental, social, and economic benefits of their communities

SPEAKER: Anette Freytag, Dr. Sc., Professor, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Frederick Law Olmsted (1822–1903) is considered as the founder of American landscape architecture. Naturally, he did not emerge out of a vacuum, but represents a very important link in a chain of influential practitioners. This lecture will put the work of this multitalented man into perspective. On the one hand by shedding light on the work of European figures like the German Peter Joseph Lenné (1789–1866), the English Joseph Paxton (1803–1865), or the French Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand (1817–1891). All are multitalented like Olmsted and all have been sources of inspiration to their contemporaries. On the other hand, the lecture wants to inquire how the work of these men is still relevant today and what is added through the character of the work of the first female landscape architects like Beatrix Jones Farrand (1872–1959) or Martha Brookes Hutcheson (1871–1959). The goal of this lecture is to recapitulate some of the lessons these historical figures teach us to value and improve the contemporary practice of landscape architecture.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Gaining insights into the work of European landscape architects that inspired Olmsted
• Get an idea what was left out in the narrative of the “founder of American landscape architecture”
• Recapitulate the relevance of the work of all the multi-talented men and women for the contemporary practice of landscape architecture